30 January 2016 · 23:16:48 UTC

Rainsburg

Bedford County, Pennsylvania, USA

  • Found by MetDetect
  • Human-verified · Marc Fries
  • No meteorites recovered
Fireball (UTC)
2016-01-30 23:16:48 ± 30 s video
Radar searched
KCCX
Meteorites
none recovered
MetDetect
MetDetect RUN-41 design fall · radar KCCX

Automated detection

MetDetect searched the KCCX radar around the fireball time. It found the fall: the radar cells it reports are mostly the debris identified by hand.

  • 6of the 50 hand-identified cells on KCCX found
  • 44hand-identified cells missed
  • 0cells reported that were not identified by hand
Map and height-against-time plot of the radar cells MetDetect found and the cells identified by hand
Each mark is one radar measurement cell on KCCX. Blue: found by MetDetect and identified by hand; orange squares: found only by MetDetect; green rings: identified by hand, missed by MetDetect. Left: positions (the arrow points to the radar); right: height against time after the fireball.

MetDetect RUN-41, 29 Oct 2026. Leave one fall out: every learned part was trained without the fall it is scored on. The design falls were used to develop the method, so their scores are development results; the held-out falls were not. The hand identification is the reference these numbers are graded against.

Dark flight

After the fireball goes dark, meteorites fall freely through the wind. Each radar cell is flown down to the ground through the winds of that day; the coloured areas show where stones of each mass most likely landed, and the black line runs from light to heavy stones (solid where the radar traced it, dashed where extended).

Dark-flight map from the automatically detected radar cells
From MetDetect's cells (6 cells, KCCX). Search area for stones of 10 g and up: 18.6 km².

Pixel estimate, computed by P. Shober with MetDetect: winds from ERA5 (ECMWF), masses for an ordinary-chondrite density over a range of shapes. Preliminary: it does not fit the fireball itself, so the heavy end of the line is an extrapolation.

Human identification

The radar signatures of this fall were identified by hand by Marc Fries (NASA ARES, Johnson Space Center).

Meteorites

No meteorites reported; the fireball ended over mountainous, wooded terrain.

Publications

Fries M., Fries J., Hankey M. & Matson R. (2016) Meteorite falls observed in U.S. weather radar data in 2015 and 2016 (to date). 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society, abstract 6536

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